Civil Code of the People's Republic of China

Document Number：Order No. 45 of the President of the People's Republic of China

Area of Law： Civil Law

Level of Authority： Laws

Issuing Authority： National People's Congress

Date Issued：05-28-2020

Effective Date：01-01-2021

Status： Effective

Topic： Civil Code

中华人民共和国主席令

Order of the President of the People's Republic of China

（第四十五号）

(No. 45)

《中华人民共和国民法典》已由中华人民共和国第十三届全国人民代表大会第三次会议于2020年5月28日通过，现予公布，自2021年1月1日起施行。

The Civil Code of the People's Republic of China, as adopted at the 3rd Session of the Thirteenth National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on May 28, 2020, is hereby issued, and shall come into force on January 1, 2021.

中华人民共和国主席　习近平

Xi Jinping, President of the People's Republic of China

2020年5月28日

May 28, 2020

中华人民共和国民法典

Civil Code of the People's Republic of China

（2020年5月28日第十三届全国人民代表大会第三次会议通过）

(Adopted at the 3rd Session of the Thirteenth National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on May 28, 2020)

Table of Contents

第一编　总则

Book One General Provisions

第一章　基本规定

Chapter I Basic Provisions

第二章　自然人

Chapter II Natural Persons

第一节　民事权利能力和民事行为能力

Section 1 Capacity for Civil Rights and Capacity for Civil Conduct

第二节　监护

Section 2 Guardianship

第三节　宣告失踪和宣告死亡

Section 3 Declaration of Absence and Declaration of Death

第四节　个体工商户和农村承包经营户

Section 4 Individual Industrial and Commercial Households and Rural Usufructuary Households

第三章　法人

Chapter III Legal Persons

第一节　一般规定

Section 1 General Rules

第二节　营利法人

Section 2 For-profit Legal Persons

第三节　非营利法人

Section 3 Non-profit Legal Persons

第四节　特别法人

Section 4 Special Legal Persons

第四章　非法人组织

Chapter IV Unincorporated Organizations

第五章　民事权利

Chapter V Civil Rights

第六章　民事法律行为

Chapter VI Juridical Acts

第一节　一般规定

Section 1 General Rules

第二节　意思表示

Section 2 Declaration of Will

第三节　民事法律行为的效力

Section 3 Validity of Juridical Acts

第四节　民事法律行为的附条件和附期限

Section 4 Juridical Acts Subject to Conditions or Terms

第七章　代理

Chapter VII Agency

第一节　一般规定

Section 1 General Rules

第二节　委托代理

Section 2 Agency by Mandate

第三节　代理终止

Section 3 Termination of Agency

第八章　民事责任

Chapter VIII Civil Liability

第九章　诉讼时效

Chapter IX Extinctive Prescription

第十章　期间计算

Chapter X Calculation of Time Periods

第二编　物权

Book Two Real Rights

第一分编　通则

Title One General Provisions

第一章　一般规定

Chapter I General Rules

第二章　物权的设立、变更、转让和消灭

Chapter II Creation, Modification, Transfer and Extinction of Real Rights

第一节　不动产登记

Section 1 Registration of Immovables

第二节　动产交付

Section 2 Delivery of Movables

第三节　其他规定

Section 3 Other Provisions

第三章　物权的保护

Chapter III Protection of Real Rights

第二分编　所有权

Title Two Ownership

第四章　一般规定

Chapter IV General Rules

第五章　国家所有权和集体所有权、私人所有权

Chapter V State Ownership, Collective Ownership and Private Ownership

第六章　业主的建筑物区分所有权

Chapter VI Owners' Separate Ownership in a Building

第七章　相邻关系

Chapter VII Neighboring Relations

第八章　共有

Chapter VIII Co-ownership

第九章　所有权取得的特别规定

Chapter IX Special Provisions on the Obtainment of Ownership

第三分编　用益物权

Title Three Usufruct

第十章　一般规定

Chapter X General Rules

第十一章　土地承包经营权

Chapter XI Conventional Usufruct on Rural Land for Agricultural Operations

第十二章　建设用地使用权

Chapter XII Right to Use Land for Construction

第十三章　宅基地使用权

Chapter XIII Right to Use Rural Land as a Residential Lot

第十四章　居住权

Chapter XIV Right of Habitation

第十五章　地役权

Chapter XV Servitude

第四分编　担保物权

Title Four Security Interests

第十六章　一般规定

Chapter XVI General Rules

第十七章　抵押权

Chapter XVII Mortgage

第一节　一般抵押权

Section 1 Ordinary Mortgage

第二节　最高额抵押权

Section 2 Maximum Mortgage

第十八章　质权

Chapter XVIII Pledge

第一节　动产质权

Section 1 Pledge of Movables

第二节　权利质权

Section 2 Pledge of Rights

第十九章　留置权

Chapter XIX Lien

第五分编　占有

Title Five Possession

第二十章　占有

Chapter XX Possession

第三编　合同

Book Three Contracts

第一分编　通则

Title One General Provisions

第一章　一般规定

Chapter I General Rules

第二章　合同的订立

Chapter II Contracting

第三章　合同的效力

Chapter III Validity of Contracts

第四章　合同的履行

Chapter IV Performance of Contracts

第五章　合同的保全

Chapter V Preservation of Contracts

第六章　合同的变更和转让

Chapter VI Modification and Assignment of Contracts

第七章　合同的权利义务终止

Chapter VII Termination of Contractual Rights and Obligations

第八章　违约责任

Chapter VIII Liability for Breach of Contract

第二分编　典型合同

Title Two Nominate Contracts

第九章　买卖合同

Chapter IX Sales Contracts

第十章　供用电、水、气、热力合同

Chapter X Contracts for Supply of Power, Water, Gas, or Heat

第十一章　赠与合同

Chapter XI Gift Contracts

第十二章　借款合同

Chapter XII Contracts for Loan of Money

第十三章　保证合同

Chapter XIII Contracts of Suretyship

第一节　一般规定

Section 1 General Rules

第二节　保证责任

Section 2 Suretyship Liability

第十四章　租赁合同

Chapter XIV Leasing Contracts

第十五章　融资租赁合同

Chapter XV Financial Leasing Contracts

第十六章　保理合同

Chapter XVI Factoring Contracts

第十七章　承揽合同

Chapter XVII Contracts for Work

第十八章　建设工程合同

Chapter XVIII Contracts for Construction Projects

第十九章　运输合同

Chapter XIX Transportation Contracts

第一节　一般规定

Section 1 General Rules

第二节　客运合同

Section 2 Passenger Transportation Contracts

第三节　货运合同

Section 3 Cargo Transportation Contracts

第四节　多式联运合同

Section 4 Multimodal Transport Contracts

第二十章　技术合同

Chapter XX Technology Contracts

第一节　一般规定

Section 1 General Rules

第二节　技术开发合同

Section 2 Technology Development Contracts

第三节　技术转让合同和技术许可合同

Section 3 Technology Transfer Contracts and Technology License Contracts

第四节　技术咨询合同和技术服务合同

Section 4 Technical Consulting Contracts and Technical Service Contracts

第二十一章　保管合同

Chapter XXI Deposit Contracts

第二十二章　仓储合同

Chapter XXII Warehousing Contracts

第二十三章　委托合同

Chapter XXIII Contracts of Mandate

第二十四章　物业服务合同

Chapter XXIV Property Management Service Contracts

第二十五章　行纪合同

Chapter XXV Commission Agent Contracts

第二十六章　中介合同

Chapter XXVI Intermediary Contracts

第二十七章　合伙合同

Chapter XXVII Contracts of Partnership

第三分编　准合同

Title Three Quasi-contracts

第二十八章　无因管理

Chapter XXVIII Management of the Business of Another

第二十九章　不当得利

Chapter XXIX Unjust Enrichment

第四编　人格权

Book Four Personality Rights

第一章　一般规定

Chapter I General Rules

第二章　生命权、身体权和健康权

Chapter II Rights of Life, Inviolability and Integrity of Person, and Health

第三章　姓名权和名称权

Chapter III Right of Name

第四章　肖像权

Chapter IV Right of Likeness

第五章　名誉权和荣誉权

Chapter V Right of Reputation and Right of Honor

第六章　隐私权和个人信息保护

Chapter VI Right of Privacy and Protection of Personal Information

第五编　婚姻家庭

Book Five Marriage and Family

第一章　一般规定

Chapter I General Rules

第二章　结婚

Chapter II Marriage

第三章　家庭关系

Chapter III Family Relations

第一节　夫妻关系

Section 1 Husband and Wife

第二节　父母子女关系和其他近亲属关系

Section 2 Parents, Children and Other Close Relatives

第四章　离婚

Chapter IV Divorce

第五章　收养

Chapter V Adoption

第一节　收养关系的成立

Section 1 Establishment of an Adoptive Relationship

第二节　收养的效力

Section 2 Validity of Adoption

第三节　收养关系的解除

Section 3 Termination of an Adoptive Relationship

第六编　继承

Book Six Succession

第一章　一般规定

Chapter I General Rules

第二章　法定继承

Chapter II Statutory Succession

第三章　遗嘱继承和遗赠

Chapter III Testamentary Succession and Legacy

第四章　遗产的处理

Chapter IV Disposition of the Estate

第七编　侵权责任

Book Seven Tort Liability

第一章　一般规定

Chapter I General Rules

第二章　损害赔偿

Chapter II Damages

第三章　责任主体的特殊规定

Chapter III Special Provisions on Tortfeasors

第四章　产品责任

Chapter IV Product Liability

第五章　机动车交通事故责任

Chapter V Liability for Motor Vehicle Traffic Accident

第六章　医疗损害责任

Chapter VI Liability for Medical Malpractice

第七章　环境污染和生态破坏责任

Chapter VII Liability for Environmental Pollution and Ecological Damage

第八章　高度危险责任

Chapter VIII Liability for Ultrahazardous Activity

第九章　饲养动物损害责任

Chapter IX Liability for Harm Caused by Domestic Animal

第十章　建筑物和物件损害责任

Chapter X Liability for Harm Caused by Building or Object

附则

Supplemental Provisions

第一编　总则

Book One General Provisions

第一章　基本规定

Chapter I Basic Provisions

　　第一条　为了保护民事主体的合法权益，调整民事关系，维护社会和经济秩序，适应中国特色社会主义发展要求，弘扬社会主义核心价值观，根据宪法，制定本法。

Article 1 This Code is enacted in accordance with the Constitution for the purposes of protecting the lawful rights and interests of the parties to civil legal relations, regulating civil relations, maintaining the social and economic order, meeting the developmental requirements of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and upholding core socialist values.

　　第二条　民法调整平等主体的自然人、法人和非法人组织之间的人身关系和财产关系。

Article 2 Civil law regulates the personal relationships and property relationships among natural persons, legal persons, and unincorporated organizations, as equal parties.

　　第三条　民事主体的人身权利、财产权利以及其他合法权益受法律保护，任何组织或者个人不得侵犯。

Article 3 The personal rights, property rights, and other lawful rights and interests of the parties to civil legal relations shall be protected by law, and no organization or individual may infringe upon such rights and interests.

　　第四条　民事主体在民事活动中的法律地位一律平等。

Article 4 All parties to civil legal relations are equal in legal status in civil activities.

　　第五条　民事主体从事民事活动，应当遵循自愿原则，按照自己的意思设立、变更、终止民事法律关系。

Article 5 The parties to civil legal relations shall conduct civil activities under the principle of free will, and create, modify, or terminate civil legal relations according to their own wills.

　　第六条　民事主体从事民事活动，应当遵循公平原则，合理确定各方的权利和义务。

Article 6 The parties to civil legal relations shall conduct civil activities under the principle of fairness, and rationally determine the rights and obligations of each party.

　　第七条　民事主体从事民事活动，应当遵循诚信原则，秉持诚实，恪守承诺。

Article 7 The parties to civil legal relations shall conduct civil activities under the principle of good faith, adhere to honesty, and fulfill their promises.